如何使用英語表達'how much'和'how many' 一開始可能會令人困惑。但是,當您了解英語文法規則後,就很容易正確使用這些表達用語。請繼續閱讀以了解何時以及如何在英語對話中使用這些表達用語。我們還分享了需要注意的常見錯誤。
如果您對英語文法有很多疑問,可以考慮參加成人英語會話課程 – 因為向專業老師請教會非常有幫助。此外,您還可以向同學學習。請參閱以下成人英語課程加入成人英語課程的連結,並導向當地的登入頁面。連結到當地語言的頁面
何時使用‘how much’ V ‘how many’?
我們使用 how much and (和) ( how many 來談論東西的數量,無論是具體還是概略的說法:
- How much aspirin shall I give the patient? (我應該給病人多少阿斯匹靈?) 400 毫克
- How many times has she been late to class? (她上課遲到多少次?) 哦,經常!
'how much' vs 'how many'? 的使用規則
We choose how much or how many, depending on whether the noun being discussed is countable or uncountable。 (我們根據討論的名詞為可數或不可數來選擇 how much 或 how many。)
如果是可數名詞,我們使用 how many:
- How many episodes of that TV show have you seen? (那個電視節目你看幾集了?)
- How many chairs do we need? (我們需要幾把椅子?)
如果是不可數名詞,我們使用 how much:
- How much traffic was on the road? (路上的車流量有多少?)
- How much time do we have left? (我們還剩多少時間?)(因為分鐘是可數的,但時間是無限的,所以它是不可數的 – 我們稍後會提供更多解釋)
如果我們要組成是/否問題,可以使用 much 和 many,但不使用 how:
- Have you seen many episodes? (您看過很多集了嗎?)
- Was there much traffic on the road? (路上的車流量多嗎?)
在否定陳述中,我們也不使用 how:
- I haven’t seen many episodes。 (我沒有看很多集。)
- There wasn’t much traffic on the (路上的車流量roads 不多)。
例外情況和變化
我們可以使用 "How much is this?" 這個問題來詢問某物的費用。我們不需要在問題中提及金錢或貨幣。例如:
- How much was the price of your car? (你的車多錢?)
- How much is a plane ticket to London? (前往倫敦的機票多少錢?)
我們也可以在肯定句和否定句中使用 how much and how many,而不僅僅是在疑問句中使用:
- Affirmative:很抱歉您沒有得到這份工作。I know how much it meant to you.
(此處的 much 不是指金錢或薪水這樣的名詞。相反,它指的是重要性的抽象量)
- Negative:I’ve don’t know how many times I’ve told you to lock the door!
使用 much or many 的常見錯誤
可數事物與不可數事物
這些形式最常見的錯誤是搞不清不可數事物與可數事物。例如,在英語中,您可以計算汽車、公共汽車或計程車的數量 – 但單字 traffic 是不可計數的。就像海洋一樣,它沒有盡頭。在英語中,您可以計算日元、美元或英鎊等貨幣。但單字 money 是不可數的。
- It depends how many money you want to spend X
- It depends how much money you want to spend ✔
- Was there much people at the concert?X
- Were there many people at the concert?✔
如果您不確定名詞是可數還是不可數,請嘗試在腦海中數數。例如:「1 money、2 monies、3 monies......」如果聽起來不對,那就是不可數了。如果您仍然不確定,可以查看線上字典。
Much/many vs lots of
雖然我們可以在肯定短語中使用 how much/many,但我們通常不使用 much or many.相反,很常使用 a lot of or lots of:
- There were many people at the picnic X
- There were lots of people at the picnic ✔
- There was much rain。X
- There was a lot of rain ✔
A lot of and lots of 都可以與可數名詞和不可數名詞一起使用。它們之間沒有真正的區別。但是 lots of 被認為稍微非正式一些。
much / many 的著名例子
一首著名的英語傳統歌曲問道:
How much is that doggie in the window?
The one with the waggly tail
How much is that doggie in the window?
I do hope that doggie’s for sale!
Bob Dylan 在他的歌曲 Blowin'in the Wind 中問道:
How many roads must a man walk down
Before you call him a man?
How many seas must a white dove sail
Before she sleeps in the sand?
Mini quiz
找出並改正這些句子中的錯誤:
-
Was there many traffic on the road?
-
How much money was your coat?
-
There wasn’t much people at the beach。
-
There were many children at the party。
-
Does she earn many money?
答案:
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Was there much traffic on the road?
-
How much was your new coat?
-
There were not many people at the beach festival。
-
There were lots of / a lot of children at the party。
-
Does she earn much / a lot of money?